亚的斯亚贝巴市高层建筑施工评估

Amanual Temesgen Mosie
贡达尔大学技术学院建筑技术与管理系

摘要

高层建筑是国家经济实力的一个组成部分，是国家优势的象征，同时也消耗了大量的人口和土地。由于来自周
边农村地区的移民，亚的斯亚贝巴市正在经历巨大的人口扩张，导致城市扩张、住房需求和土地成本上升。鉴于这种
需求，尽管高层建筑已经成为一种解决方案。当完成这些复杂而巨大的高层建筑结构时，许多问题会影响施工过程。
目标包括评估挑战，确定影响高层建筑施工过程的主要因素。这项研究涉及数据收集和分析的定性和定量方法。为了
收集定量数据，对施工项目团队进行了调查问卷调查，即：项目经理、现场工程师、办公室工程师和驻地工程师。定
性方法；对有意选择的受访者进行了深入访谈。最后，从亚的斯亚贝巴建设局的政策文件和报告等文件中收集了数据。
本研究确定了高层建筑施工阶段的主要挑战。研究结果表明，高层建筑在施工过程中面临的主要挑战包括成本超支、
延误、安全风险以及材料和人力的垂直运输。延迟的主要原因或变量是设计变更、材料短缺、劳动生产率低下、计划
不足、设备短缺、设备和工匠生产率预测不准确、熟练劳动力短缺以及材料估算不准确。高层建筑项目成本超支的主
要原因是：通货膨胀导致的材料成本增加、数量计算不准确、缺乏项目类型的经验是导致高层建筑项目成本超支的主
要原因。安全因素分为三类。工作环境、高空作业和安全防护不足是高层建筑施工中安全工作的主要因素。研究结果
有助于建筑利益相关者和整个建筑行业了解高层建筑施工的实际因素。

关键词

高层建筑；成本超支；延误；安全；垂直运输

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