加纳阿达东区土著知识实践和社区对沿海洪水的适应

Seth Cudjoe*¹, Samuel Alorvor²
1、约翰内斯堡大学地理、环境和能源研究系
2、威斯康星国际大学学院发展与环境研究系

摘要

土著知识在减少和管理洪水风险方面的作用在加纳没有得到应有的重视，因为人们对沿海社区如何利
用土著知识应对沿海洪水知之甚少。这项研究试图了解如何利用土著知识来适应加纳阿达东区沿海社区托托佩
的沿海洪水，托托佩受到沿海洪水的影响。有目的地选择了五十三（53）位户主和七（7）位关键线人进行问
卷管理和焦点小组讨论。研究表明，风暴潮是研究社区沿海洪水的原因。研究发现，托托佩人拥有丰富的本土
知识，他们用这些知识来应对沿海洪水。人们用沙袋作为屏障，防止洪水进入他们的院子和房间；他们竖起了
建筑物的地基；他们用蹦床加固窗户，防止洪水进入房间；他们在房间里搭建了平台，当洪水冲破搭建的屏障
时，他们可以在平台上打包贵重物品；他们创造了洪水通过的通道；并改变他们的生计和生产的作物以应对洪
水。这项研究进一步表明，最近社区的风暴潮强度有所增加。该研究得出结论，解决社区沿海洪水威胁的持久
办法是建立海防系统。

关键词

海岸洪水；风暴潮；土著知识；适应；适应能力；海平面上升（SLR）

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