地理位置、地质和土壤学的空间变化对尼日利亚东南部 粮食安全的影响

Ikpong Umo, Angela Enwereuzor
阿尔瓦·伊库库联邦教育学院地理与环境研究系

摘要

解释尼日利亚东南部可持续粮食生产的有效政策框架中地理位置、土壤学和地质构造的关联和变化是本研究
的中心目标。研究区域分为五个州。使用商业、湿地和非湿地农业区作为指数，从三个州和八个采样点系统地收集
了纹理类别的数据，并使用实验室和地理空间工具进行了分析。结果表明，研究区域的土壤学特征随地理空间而变化，
但颗粒大小以砂壤土为主。方差的多元分析、变异性检验、同质性检验和重叠方差表明，地理空间和地质构造之间
的差异对东南部土壤学特征的分布有显著影响。此外，东南部地理位置、地质和土壤学的空间变异性表明，作物产
量的土地能力等级存在动态变化，这是农业发展和相应粮食安全的主要问题。砂壤土的优势是 A 类和 B 类土地（土壤）
普遍存在的一个指标，而定性访谈证实，大多数农民仍然依赖土壤的自然肥力进行作物生产，但其生产的质量和数
量往往受到传统 / 小型农场的阻碍。为了维持人口众多的粮食安全，本研究建议对东南部土壤的理化和生物地球化
学财产进行大规模评估，为农民选择作物提供依据；提高农民对在特定土壤地理和地质条件下能够获得更好产量的
作物类型的认识和教育。

关键词

地理位置；土壤学；马诺瓦；粮食安全；国家发展

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