尼日利亚拉各斯新冠肺炎大流行期间 一些公共口罩的无菌评估
摘要
心，因此，该州政府规定在公众和社会集会中必须使用口罩。由于新冠肺炎大流行的传播速度惊人，全球观察到并
报告了口罩和呼吸器短缺的情况。这导致了不同类型的口罩的生产和使用，包括当地制造的不同面料的口罩。2020
年 5月至 2020年 11月期间，从拉各斯州的不同来源选择了总共 400个样品，包括 200个当地织物、100个进口口罩 /
外科口罩和 100个N95口罩。将样品无菌浸入装有 100ml营养肉汤的锥形瓶中，孵育 18-24小时。将肉汤培养物分
两次培养到 Sabouroid葡萄糖琼脂上。其中一个 SDA在室温下培养，另一个在 37℃下培养。还接种血液、巧克力和
MacConkey琼脂平板，并在 37℃下孵育 18-24小时。使用表型鉴定方法鉴定分离物。在总共 400个样品中，346个
（86.5%）没有细菌或真菌生长，44个（11.0%）有一个细菌分离物，10个（2.5%）有细菌分离物的混合生长。在 200
个本地制造的口罩中，39个（19.5%）有一种细菌分离物，9个（4.5%）有两种细菌分离，5个（2.5%）有真菌分离
物，而在 100个进口外科口罩中只有 4个（4.0%）有一个细菌分离物和一个（1.0%）有混合生长的细菌分离物。一个
（1.0%）进口N95口罩只有一个细菌分离物（乳酸杆菌属）。通常，分离的细菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄
球菌、大肠杆菌、克雷伯菌属和乳杆菌属，而真菌分离物为白色念珠菌和烟曲霉。当地制造的口罩被细菌和真菌分
离物污染。没有细菌或真菌生长的面罩的 p值为 0.02，就本研究中测试的面罩而言，具有统计学意义。含有一种细菌
分离物的面罩的 p值为 0.35，而两种不同细菌和真菌分离物的混合生长的 p值则为 0.36，这表明在这些类别中测试的
面罩没有统计学意义。当地制造的口罩更容易受到单一或混合细菌和真菌的污染。建议谨慎使用口罩。
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