加强医学挑战下的伦理原则

伊斯 梅拉
雅温得第一大学文学、文学和社会科学学院哲学系

摘要

目的：本文旨在从人性的角度对增强医学进行前瞻性评价。由此，我们对人类生活人工化项目中人类的未来感兴
趣。为了实现我们的认识论目标，我们将这项工作分为三个主要部分。第一部分是对作为人性安全带的医学伦理原则的
分析。希波克拉底医学传统中的人总是受到一定的考虑，因为他是一个绝对的价值观。在任何情况下，医生都必须维护
生命，保护人的尊严。当时，盛行的医学范式是治疗范式。在第二部分中，关注的是生物技术革命，主要是基因工程的过
程。这场革命带来了另一种治疗人类的医学实践。这是高等实验和科学好奇心的体现。因此，基因工程的从业者对人类基
因组进行了深入的干预，目的不是主要治愈疾病，而是发现是什么使生命和其他人类功能成为可能。当这些被发现时，它
们可以编程、设计和增强未来的人类。这种做法不能不引起伦理问题，例如人性改变的风险。它还可能给社会带来社会不
公正，因为这些做法在所有社会阶层的水平上都更昂贵。这种社会不公正的最显著后果是我们所称的生物帝国主义，即自
然人将成为人造和增强人类的奴隶。最后，我们将带来一个新的视角来遏制加强医学的风险。人类必须认识到自己权力的
局限性，以及过度使用权力可能产生的灾难性影响。然而，值得注意的是，加强医学已经获得了公众舆论的支持。因此，
生物伦理学家的理论论述和哲学悲观主义无法更有效地约束生物医学的进步。对生物伦理学家和整个人类来说，重要的是
一种韧性的习惯，它不包括断然拒绝生物医学实践，而是根据能够实现的好处来欣赏它们。

关键词

伦理学；强化医学；人性跨伦理；恢复力

参考

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