亚共晶铝硅合金细化剂 Al-V-B 的电弧快速制备及应用研究

冷 强, 赵 朝邓, 鲜 勇*
成都大学机械工程学院

摘要

采用氟盐法制备铝合金晶粒细化剂的传统工艺通常耗时较长，且会产生有害的环境排放物和残留物。为了探索新
的细化剂制备方法，本文采用无氟原料通过电弧熔炼快速制备了 Al-V-B 细化剂，并验证了其在 Al-10Si 合金中的细化效果。
在该中间合金中原位生成了 VB2、AlB2 和 AlB12 三种不同的颗粒相。此细化剂对 Al-10Si 合金表现出显著的晶粒细化能力，
将初生 α-Al 晶粒尺寸从 2583±386μm 大幅减小到 615±169μm。

关键词

铝合金；硼化物；铸造；微观组织；形核

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