埃塞俄比亚南部古吉地区高地马铃薯品种的参与选择

Arega Amdie¹, Beriso Wako¹, Solomon Teshome²
1、芬芬奥罗米亚农业研究所
2、博雷农业研究中心

摘要

马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）是埃塞俄比亚高原地区农民最重要的粮食安全和经济作物之一，尤其是在
古吉地区，农民和种子生产者大量种植马铃薯。然而，在古吉地区的高地地区，适应良好的抗晚疫病和高产马铃薯
品种非常有限。由于这个原因，迫切需要开发和替换以前产量不足的品种，以适应该地区。因此，在2019/20年种
植季节，在Bore on站的古吉区高地地区和三个农民田地（Abayi kuture、Raya boda和Bube korsa）进行了一项试验，
通过参与式品种选择，选择并推荐高产、抗病的改良马铃薯品种。六（6）个改良马铃薯品种（Gudanie、Belete、
Jalenie、Dagim、Horro和Bubu）被用作试验作物。治疗按随机完全区组设计（RCBD）安排，母试验采用三个重
复，婴儿试验采用农民作为重复。农艺和农民数据都是根据推荐标准收集的。从子试验中收集的数据进行方差分
析，其中矩阵排序用于子试验中收集数据。方差分析表明，在（P≤ 0.05）、每山茎数、每山块茎数、可销售块茎
产量和总块茎产量。然而，在90%成熟度、株高、块茎重量和未上市块茎产量的天数至天数内，品种间无显著差异
（P>0.05）。Belete的可销售块茎产量最高（48.17t/ha），其次是Bubu和Gudanie（35.35和34.3t/ha）。但是，从改良的
达金品种获得了最低的可销售块茎产量（18.07t/ha）。在其他情况下，允许农民使用自己的标准来评估品种。因此，
品种Bubu和Gudanie因其抗病性、茎数、块茎大小、块茎颜色、块茎眼深、块茎数量和适销性而被农民选择。因此，
这两个改良的爱尔兰马铃薯品种是根据农艺数据结果和农民的偏好选择的，并推荐到古吉地区的高地地区生产。

关键词

爱尔兰马铃薯；参与式品种选择；改良品种

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