信息技术诱导的注意力转换对抑制性控制的影响

莫妮 卡克, 德文 罗塞
美国心理学系

摘要

决定我们关注什么信息对我们在各自的学术和经济领域保持价值和生产力的能力有所影响。本研究调查了由 于信息技术的中断而引起的注意力转换是否会以一种独特的方式消耗资源，并损害反应抑制任务的表现。三组（120 名女性，57 名男性，平均年龄 =21.56，年龄范围：18-40 岁）在自我调节任务中接受或不接受中断后，在西蒙任务中 进行了比较。出乎意料的是，没有接受中断的参与者发现了较大的西蒙效应。这些结果符合以前的证据，即持续的定 向注意可能导致消耗并影响随后的抑制性控制。尽管不支持预测，但这些结果可能为进一步的研究提供了基础，特别 是由于年轻一代比前几代人在一个更多联系的世界中发展。通过了解这些差异，年轻一代可以更好地适应技术进步， 并利用它们来发挥自己的优势。

关键词

注意；信息技术；抑制性控制；西蒙效应；转换

参考

1. Bialystok E. Effect of bilingualism and computer vid eo game experience on the Simon task. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology/Revue Canadienne de Psychologie Experimentale, 2006; 60(1): 68.

2. Carrier LM, Cheever NA, Rosen LD, et al. Multitask ing across generations: Multitasking choices and difficulty ra tings in. Computers in Human Behavior, 2009; 25: 483–489. 3. Congdon E, Mumford JA, Cohen JR, et al. Engagem ent of large-scale networks is related to individual difference s in inhibitory control. Neuroimage, 2010; 53(2): 653–663. 4. Gupta A, Li H, Sharda R. Should I send this messag e? Understanding the impact of interruptions, social hierarch y and perceived task complexity on user performance and pe rceived workload. Decision Support Systems, 2013; 55(1): 1 35–145. 5. Hagger MS, Wood C, Stiff C, et al. Ego depletion an d the strength model of self-control: A meta-analysis. Psycho logical Bulletin, 2010; 136(4): 495. 6. Khan J. Information Technology definition and exam ples. Retrieved from http://www.bytenotes.com/information- technology-definition-and-examples 7. Levitin DJ. Why the modern world is bad for your br ain. The Guardian 2015. 8. Mark G, Gonzalez VM, Harris J. No task left behin d?: Examining the nature of fragmented work. In Proceeding s of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. New York, NY: ACM. 2005; 321-330. 9. Tyler JR, Tang JC. When can I expect an email respo nse? A study of rhythms in email usage. In ECSCW. Dordre cht, Germany: Springer. 2003; 239-258. 10. Van der Lubbe RHJ, Verleger R. Aging and the Sim on task. Psychophysiology, 2002; 39(1): 100–110.