聚丙烯（PP）纤维的表面处理 对水泥砂浆抗硫酸盐腐蚀的影响

乔 巴特, 侯 赛尼
瑞士材料科学与工程系

摘要

硫酸盐侵蚀是最复杂、最有害的化学腐蚀行为之一。硫酸侵蚀后，混凝土会膨胀、开裂、溶解、剥落，强
度下降，影响结构的耐久性。聚丙烯纤维（PP）因其良好的机械性能和抗化学腐蚀能力而被广泛用于各种混凝土结
构中。然而，PP纤维有很多缺点，如表面光滑、亲水性差、分子链中缺乏活性基团、在水泥基材料中结块和分散性
差。这些问题限制了它在水泥基材料中的应用。尽管使用硅烷偶联剂对PP纤维的表面进行改性是有效的，但经过处
理的PP纤维对水泥基材料的抗硫酸盐性能的影响并不明显。在这项研究中，用硅烷偶联剂处理过的PP纤维被用来
研究不同的水泥与沙子的比例（C/S）和处理过的PP纤维的用量对水泥砂浆的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性的影响。此外，通过
X射线衍射（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了混凝土的表观形态、质量损失率、抗弯强度、抗腐蚀系数和
微观结构。结果显示，改性后的PP纤维变得粗糙。纤维表面引入了活性基团，这些活性基团很好地分散在砂浆中，
在水泥砂浆中形成了良好的网络分布结构，从而减缓了PP纤维砂浆在硫酸钠溶液中的侵蚀速率。在C/S比为1：1，
处理后的纤维用量为0.6%时，处理后的纤维砂浆表现出了良好的抗硫酸盐性能。此外，单丝纤维浸泡试验表明，在
纤维表面沉积了一层硫酸钠晶体，从而增加了纤维表面的粗糙度和纤维从水泥基体中的拔出力，这一结果表明，经
过处理的PP纤维与水泥基体之间的界面附着力得到了改善，进而使经过处理的PP纤维的抗硫酸盐侵蚀能力得到了
提高。

关键词

聚丙烯纤维；表面改性；水泥砂浆；抗硫酸盐侵蚀性

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