印度查谟和克什米尔斯利那加市部分旅游景点颗粒物 和二氧化碳浓度的空间插值

法鲁 克·¹, 所罗 门·¹, 伊姆 提亚¹, 纳吉 纳·², 纳亚 尔·³, 阿赫 塔尔⁴, ⁵
1、印度查谟和克什米尔夏利马尔克什米尔农业科技大学环境科学系
2、印度克什米尔夏利马尔农业科技大学农业统计系
3、土壤科学部
4、印度克什米尔夏利马尔农业科技大学昆虫学系
5、

摘要

本次调查旨在监测和制作大气颗粒物（PM1、PM2.5、PM4）浓度月空间变异性专题图（PM10 和 TSP）和一
些选定旅游景点（即 Shalimar 花园、Chesmashahi 植物园、Harwan 花园、Nishat 花园、Naseem Bagh、Lal Chowk 和
Sher-e-Kashmir 农业科学大学）的二氧化碳 (CO2) 和克什米尔技术 (SKUAST-K) 克什米尔山谷斯利那加市 Shalimar
校区，于 2019 年 11 月至 2020 年 4 月使用量子地理信息系统 (QGIS) 中的反距离加权 (IDW) 插值技术。考虑到斯
利那加市是一个成长中的城市人口、建筑、车辆等方面，查谟和克什米尔邦污染控制委员会在一份关于管理斯利那
加市空气质量的报告中确定了该市的污染源，其估计来源比例如下：车辆排放（65-75% )、坏路产生的灰尘 (10-15
%)、生物质和垃圾燃烧 (10-20 %)、建筑和拆除排放 (5-8 %)、小型工业活动 (7-8 %) 和其他来源 (3 % )。因此，斯利
那加市的这些来源使空气质量恶化。因此，本研究试图揭示颗粒物和CO2的月变化和空间插值。每个月使用 Aerocet
831-Aerosol Mass Monitor 和 CDM 901-CO2 Monitor 监测早上、下午和晚上的环境中颗粒物和 CO2 浓度，重复采样
3 次。由数据可知，各监测点各污染物早、午、晚平均浓度分别为： PM1（67.07、55.87、57.62 µg/m3
）； PM2.5（129.49、
95.52、112.50 µg/m3
）； PM4（170.44、121.09、161.81 µg/m3
）； PM10 (315.49, 203.09, 383.97 µg/m3
); TSP (376.43,
240.49,496.55 µg/m3
);和CO2（595.33、557.94、601.07ppm）表明斯利那加市早晚污染物浓度最高。此外，数据和
IDW 图清楚地表明，大多数监测点之间监测的污染物的月平均值和平均 6 个月浓度存在统计显着性 (p ≤ 0.05) 变
化。这告诉我们，颗粒物和二氧化碳的浓度每月都会随着斯利那加市一个地点到另一个地点的距离而变化。大多数
地点的月平均值在大多数参数之间呈非显着正相关，但在 PM1、PM2.5 和 PM4 之间呈显着强正相关，p ≤ 0.01。此外，
PM4 和 PM10 以及 PM10 和 TSP 之间存在显着强正相关（p ≤ 0.05）。因此，表明所有监测参数同时增加或减少。因此
得出的结论是，斯利那加市的空气质量差随着距离的变化而变化，如数据和 IDW 地图关于监测点和监测的污染物所
描绘的那样。因此，可以了解城市上空的污染物。

关键词

二氧化碳；相关性；反距离；颗粒物；污染物；斯利那加市；权重图

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