口腔黏膜下纤维化恶变机制的研究进展

任 存贵
甘肃省华亭市第一人民医院

摘要

口腔粘膜下纤维化(Oral submucous fibrosis，OSMF)是最常见的潜在口腔上皮癌前病变，是一种与槟榔咀嚼相关的
慢性疾病。它具有相对较高的恶变潜力，导致口腔鳞状细胞癌（oral squamous cell carcinoma，OSCC），这是最常见的口腔
恶性肿瘤，死亡率很高。Paymaster于1956年首次描述了口腔粘膜下纤维化的恶性潜能，估计其发生率为7-13%。口腔粘膜下
纤维化本身的发病机制是多种多样的，因此，它向恶性肿瘤的转化也对许多不同的机制开放。口腔粘膜下纤维化的早期诊断
和随后的早期治疗是可取的，以便可以控制向恶性肿瘤的进展。已经提出了各种理论来解释口腔粘膜下纤维化恶性转化的可
能途径，例如缺氧、槟榔作为致癌物或上皮-间质转化。许多最近的分子进展也强调了在口腔粘膜下纤维化向口腔鳞状细胞
癌的转化中发挥关键作用的生物标志物和基因很少。本综述的目的是讨论口腔粘膜下纤维化恶性转化的所有可能机制，进一
步研究以确定负责将口腔粘膜下纤维化转化为口腔鳞状细胞癌的确切机制，并通过更新的干预措施降低死亡率。

关键词

口腔粘膜下纤维化；口腔鳞状细胞癌；进展

参考

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