miRNA 在心脏代谢性疾病研究进展及治疗方向

陈 露, 姜 海燕
内蒙古自治区人民医院

摘要

心脏代谢性疾病是导致人类死亡率增高的重要因素之一，肥胖的成年人中有一多半是有代谢综合征的，基础代谢障
碍会直接影响细胞摄取 ATP，从而影响细胞代谢。miRNA 是单链非编码 RNA，通过直接或间接影响糖代谢和脂质代谢产生
或转运 ATP，从而促进或延缓心肌细胞的凋亡。各种 miRNA 亚型调控信使 RNA 的翻译直接影响心力衰竭、动脉粥样硬化、
高血压及糖尿病性心肌病等病理生理机制。目前，研究发现了多种基因靶点，下调或上调 miRNA 的亚型，改变基因的表观遗
传，从而精准治疗心脏代谢性疾病成为可能，因此分子靶向治疗和诊断心血管疾病具有潜在的应用价值。

关键词

心脏代谢性疾病；miRNA；靶向治疗；基因表达

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