再生育女性妊娠期糖尿病的研究进展

韩 洪雪¹, 任 春丽²
1、承德医学院研究生学院
2、承德医学院附属医院产科

摘要

目的：糖尿病是一种非传染性慢性疾病，已成为全世界面临的一个重大挑战性健康问题；而妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）
则是妊娠期最常见的并发症之一，它是指妊娠期间出现或首次识别的任何程度的葡萄糖不耐受。妊娠期糖尿病不仅与诸多
不良妊娠结局有关，还会增加孕妇及其后代患代谢综合征的风险，如低血糖和呼吸困难、巨大儿或婴儿体重过高、早产、
出生损伤、难产，甚至高血压和心脏病，尽管 GDM 通常在婴儿出生后就已消退，但患有 GDM 的母亲的后代在成年后易
患儿童肥胖、2 型糖尿病和心血管疾病。妊娠期糖尿病的患病率在过去几年中持续上升，随着 “ 三胎政策 ” 实施，未来可
能会达到另一个高峰。因此识别再生育女性发生妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素，及时进行干预和治疗，以避免其相关的不良健
康结果是当务之急。本文总结了再生育女性发生妊娠期糖尿病的危险因素及相关治疗研究进展。

关键词

再生育女性；妊娠期糖尿病；危险因素；治疗与预防

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