癌症的耐药性：概述

吉纳 维芙, 香农 ·豪, 莎拉 ·拜, 贝扎 德·
波士顿

摘要

癌症具有对传统疗法产生耐药性的能力，这些耐药性癌症的日益流行需要进一步的研究和治疗开发。本文
概述了促进或实现耐药性的机制的当前知识，例如药物失活、药物靶点改变、药物外排、DNA损伤修复、细胞死亡
抑制和上皮-间质转化，以及肿瘤细胞固有的异质性如何在耐药性中发挥作用。它还描述了可以诱导耐药性的表观
遗传修饰，并考虑了这些表观遗传因素如何促进癌症祖细胞的发育，这些细胞不会被常规癌症疗法杀死。最后，本
综述最后讨论了现有耐药性癌症的最佳治疗方案、预防耐药性癌症和癌症祖细胞形成的方法以及未来的研究方向。

关键词

癌症；耐药性；表观遗传学；甲基化；癌症祖细胞；联合治疗；综述

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