工业化国家的严重化学品事故
摘要
重的健康危害和不可逆转的环境破坏。本文的目的是研究在所谓的工业化国家发生类似事故的风险不断增加。利用
过去几十年中一些最严重的化学事故的数据、博帕尔灾难的数据以及巴西的社会和制度特征,我们提出了这样的假
设,即工业化国家当前的社会、政治和经济结构使这些国家更容易受到此类事故的影响,并创造一种环境——如果
它们发生以及何时发生——将产生更多的灾难性后果。作者认为,只有通过改变地方结构和加强国际组织、工业化
国家和工业化国家之间的技术合作,才能减少这种脆弱性。博帕尔事故是世界上最严重的工业灾难,联合碳化物农
药厂释放了近 40公吨异氰酸甲酯(MIC)。MIC可能是所有异氰酸酯中毒性最大的,因为它相对于其他异氰酸酯具
有非常高的蒸气压,并且因为它能够对许多器官系统产生毒性作用。MIC通过热解和与水的相互作用而降解,但没
有一种分解产物复制在博帕尔和动物模型中观察到的毒性。
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12361/2661-3689-04-06-93352
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