导致软件开发外包失败的工程需求问题

兰德 尔·, 戴维 斯·, 阿米 蒂·, 戈特 ·巴
University of Greenwood Engineering

摘要

软件开发外包（SDO）因其降低成本、流程增强和应对所需资源稀缺等优势而越来越为人所知。不幸的是，
大多数软件开发外包项目未能实现预期收益。对此类项目失败的调查表明，在某些情况下，软件开发外包项目由于
与需求工程过程相关的问题而失败。本研究的目的是识别和排序软件开发外包背景下需求工程（RE）过程中的常见
问题。为此，对当代文献进行了批判性评估，确定了从业者面临的问题，并由经验丰富的软件开发外包从业者组织
了三份问卷。还使用了德尔菲技术、截止方法和 50% 规则。本研究确定了 SDO 案例中 RE 过程问题的类别。 这些
潜在类别是： 沟通，知识管理和意识，文化多样性，信任，诉管理和协调， 组织结构，流程和工具，利益相关者之间
的关系，以及以需求为中心。 基于对 SDO 行业从业者的问卷调查，应用 50% 规则，除信任和组织结构之外的 7 个
类别被选为 SDO 案例中 RE 流程问题的类别。 至少 50% 或更多的调查参与者选择这七个类别作为 SDO 案例中 RE
流程问题的类别。

关键词

需求工程，软件工程师，职业道德，流行病学模型，软件工程标准

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