子宫腺肌病与不孕

窦 天爽¹, 石 冲²
1、华北理工大学
2、华北理工大学附属唐山市妇幼保健院

摘要

子宫腺肌病(AM)是一种雌激素依赖的慢性炎症性疾病,其特征是子宫内膜腺体､间质侵入子宫肌层,异位子宫内膜会导致周围平滑肌细胞的增生肥大而造成局限性或弥漫性病变[1]｡在分子水平上,异位子宫内膜的存在会扰乱子宫内膜激素､细胞和免疫环境,对胚胎的蜕膜化､胎盘形成和发育过程产生负面影响[2]｡临床上,患者常表现为异常子宫出血､痛经及不孕[3]｡随着影像学检查技术的成熟,AM患者逐步趋向年轻化,一篇系统综述表明有相关临床症状的女性AM患病率为20-88.8%,诊断年龄在32岁至38岁之间[4]｡子宫腺肌病是降低着床率和临床妊娠率以及增加早孕流产风险的危险因素[5],并且由于目前社会的发展,大多数女性选择延迟妊娠,因此以不孕症为主要症状而就诊的AM患者比例增加[6]｡

关键词

子宫腺肌;妊娠;治疗;分析

参考

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