胃癌诊断与治疗研究进展

薛 思麒, 唐 勇
新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院消化内科

摘要

胃癌是一种侵袭性疾病，对全球健康产生了令人生畏的影响。尽管在过去的几十年中，胃癌的发病率有了明显的下降。胃癌也是由基因改变和环境因素共同作用的结果。幽门螺杆菌感染是胃癌的一个主要原因，这种持久的细菌引起的感染会引起炎症和胃内膜癌前病变，通过在上皮细胞中积累新的遗传和表观遗传修饰来促进炎症反应，实际上有利于胃癌的发生。胃癌的诊断包括胃镜活检、内镜超声、计算机断层扫描(CT)、磁共振成像(MRI)、正电子发射断层扫描(PET)、X线等。胃癌主要以全身化疗治疗为主，目的包括缓解症状和延长生存时间。与支持治疗相比，全身化疗生存获益较好，目前我们见证了精准医疗的到来，靶向治疗和免疫治疗领域最近取得了显著的进展。

关键词

病理特征；免疫治疗；胃癌

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