针对癌症干细胞的天然产物：癌症化学预防和治疗的意义

坎昌 盖罗, 施里 亚古, 阿南 亚·, 毗湿 奴加, 罗希 特·, 希夫 ·杜
印度生物化学系

摘要

癌症是全球主要的死亡原因，一直是全球研究的主要重点领域之一。在关于肿瘤转化的新范式中，疾病的
发生和复发归因于称为癌症干细胞（CSC）的大量肿瘤中的少数突变细胞。肿瘤干细胞具有自我更新和分化的能力，
以对放疗和化疗耐药而著称（即使在治疗后也会导致疾病复发）。大多数涉及针对原发性肿瘤的癌症治疗的传统药
物对生理系统具有很大的毒性，并且在针对这些 CSC方面效率不高，导致预后不良。在大部分肿瘤中针对这些 CSC
可能是癌症化学预防和治疗的新策略。已知饮食衍生的干预措施和多种天然产物针对这些 CSC和相关信号通路，即
Wnt、Notch和Hedgehog通路，这些通路与 CSC自我更新有关。实际应用：即使在本世纪，癌症仍然是一个全球性
挑战。预后不良、存活率和疾病复发一直是传统癌症治疗方案中的主要问题。针对性癌症干细胞治疗可能是消除和
治愈慢性疾病的新策略，因为已知它们可以调节癌发生的所有阶段，并负责复发和对化疗和放疗的抵抗。有证据表
明天然产物可能抑制、延迟或逆转肿瘤发生过程，并调节与癌症干细胞自我更新和分化有关的不同信号通路。与传
统的癌症治疗药物相比，天然产品的毒性最小，因为它们长期以来一直用于我们的饮食习惯，没有任何重大副作用。
因此，用天然产物针对癌症干细胞可能是癌症化学预防和治疗药物开发的新策略。

关键词

癌症干细胞；化学预防；天然产物；信号通路

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