与新冠病毒相关的血液病：综述

贾西 米·, 雷 耶斯, 古普 塔·
美国肺部疾病和重症监护医学科

摘要

2019年冠状病毒病是由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 引起的，主要造成下呼吸道感染，现在众所周知它会导致多系统异常。血液学表现构成了一个重要的关注领域。严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 感染单核细胞和内皮细胞，导致复杂的下游级联、细胞因子风暴和最终的血管内血栓形成。 2019年冠状病毒病会导致淋巴细胞减少症、中性粒细胞增多症和血小板减少症。预防性抗凝对 2019 冠状病毒病患者至关重要，因为它对凝血系统的影响与显着的发病率和死亡率相关。该病可引起动脉和静脉血栓形成，尤其是肺栓塞和肺微血栓。要识别这些并发症，高度怀疑是必不可少的，及时进行治疗性抗凝治疗对于治疗这些并发症至关重要。病毒引起的弥散性血管内凝血并不常见，但与脓毒症引起的弥散性血管内凝血有一些相似之处。血液生物标志物（例如乳酸脱氢酶、D-二聚体、铁蛋白和 C-反应蛋白）的显着升高与较差的结果相关。了解病理生理学并识别与不良预后相关的因素对于改善 2019 冠状病毒病患者的预后至关重要。

关键词

SARS-CoV- 2；COVID- 19；肺栓塞；细胞因子风暴

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