护理愤怒、焦虑、恐惧的精神分裂症患者的治疗性沟通策略 Therapeutic communication strategies for the care of people with anger, anxiety, and fearful schizophrenia

Iskandarsyah Siregar¹, Firlii Rahmadiyah², Alisha Siregar²
1、National University of Indonesia
2、Regaranggi Institute

摘要

精神分裂症是具有原发性人格障碍、思维过程特征性扭曲的精神障碍疾病。精神分裂症的特征是思维和感知的基本和特征性扭曲以 及不相容或迟钝的效应。愤怒、焦虑和恐惧是最常见的精神分裂症患者的幻觉，并推动了持续的负面情绪。治疗性沟通是护理精神分裂症患者的 康复手段之一，尤其针对那些有精神障碍问题的护理。本文研究结果基于观察、初步研究和在治疗期间由于错误沟通造成精神分裂症患者治疗失 败的报告进行的。这项研究中，研究人员旨在研究护士对病人的治疗性沟通效用。本定性研究采用一组前测后测的准实验设计，并得出结论，受 访者 22 人(88%)在控制消极思想方面糟糕，3 名受访者(12%)能较好控制负面想法。同时，研究结果也表明有 3 个因素影响高效的治疗性沟通，分 别是建立信任，建设性地解决问题和给予赞赏。 Schizophrenia is a mental disorder with primary personality disorders and characteristic distortions of the thought process. Schizophrenia is characterized by fundamental and characteristic distortions of thinking and perception and the effects of incompatibility or dullness. Anger, anxiety, and fear are the most common hallucinations in people with schizophrenia and drive persistent negative emotions. Therapeutic communication is one of the means of rehabilitation for schizophrenia patients, especially for those with mental disorders. The findings of this paper are based on observations, preliminary studies, and reports of treatment failures in patients with schizophrenia due to miscommunication during treatment. In the study, the researchers aimed to study the therapeutic communication utility of nurses to patients. This qualitative study used a set of pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental designs and concluded that 22 respondents (88%) were poor at controlling negative thoughts, and 3 respondents (12%) were better able to control negative thoughts. At the same time, the results of the study also show that there are 3 factors that affect effective therapeutic communication, namely building trust, constructive problem solving, and giving appreciation.

关键词

治疗性沟通；护理程序；精神分裂症患者 Therapeutic communication; nursing procedures; people with schizophrenia

参考

[1] Abdul N. (2009). Communication in Nursing Theory and Applications. Jakarta: SalembaMedika. [2] Alwasilah, A. C. (2005). Introduction to Applied Linguistic Research. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa. [3] Amiruddin. (2010). Analysis of Factors Associated with the Incidence of Schizophrenia Mental Disorders in the Mental Hospital of Southeast Sulawesi Province. Thesis. Makassar: Hasanuddin University, 2010.Sulawesi Province. Thesis. Makassar: Hasanuddin University, 2010. [4] Anugrah, A. D. (2014). Characteristics of Schizophrenic Patients Who Are Inpatient in The Special Hospital Of The Province Of South Sulawesi For The Period January–May 2013. Thesis. Makassar: Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University.[5] Azizah, N.R. (2013). Verbal Language Skills of Schizophrenic Patients: A Case Study. http://repository.unair.ac.id/27284/ [6] Iskandar. (2012). Mental Nursing Care, Self-Care Deficit. Jakarta. [7] Kriyantono, R. (2008). Practical Techniques of Communication Research. Jakarta: Kencana. [8] Marhaeni, D. (2009). Communication Science, Theory and Practice. Jakarta: Graha Ilmu. [9] Nurjannah, I. (2005). Therapeutic Communication (Fundamentals of Communication for Nurses. Yogyakarta: Mocomedia. [10] Sabrina, A., Siregar, I., & Sosrohadi, S. (2021). Lingual Dominance and Symbolic Power in the Discourse of Using the PeduliLindungi Application as a Digital Payment Tool. International Journal of Linguistics Studies, 1(2), 52–59. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijls.2021.1.2.8 [11] Setiawan, T. M.S. (2005). Effect of Therapeutic Communication on Anxiety Levels of Preoperative Patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan. Journal of Nursing Rufaidah North Sumatra: Volume I [12] Siregar, I. & Siregar, R. (2021). The Relevances between Poda Na Lima Philosophy with Islamic Perspective. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i4.3240 [13] Siregar, I. & Salsabila. (2021). Acts of Illocutionary Speech by Ganjar Pranowo in the "One Hour Closer" Talkshow. International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies, 1(1), 95–100. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijahs.2021.1.1.14 [14] Siregar, I. (2021). Verbal Communication of Schizophrenic Patients Due to Neurotransmitter Distortion. QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, Dan Agama, 13(2), 543-556. [15] Siregar, I. (2020). Exploration and Implementation of the Cultural System as a Solution to National and State Problems. http://repository.unas.ac.id/id/eprint/811 [16] Siregar, I. (2021). Analysis of Betawi Language Interference on the Morphology of Adolescent Speech in Jakarta. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 3(8), 54-60. http://doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2021.3.8.7 [17] Siregar, I. (2020). Geografi Leksikon Betawi. Jakarta: LPU Unas [18] Siregar, I. (2021). Epistemological Challenges Against Sociolinguistics. International Journal of Linguistics Studies, 1(2), 37–42. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijls.2021.1.2.6 [19] Siregar, I. (2021). The Existence of Culture in its Relevance to the Dynamics of Globalization: Bahasa Indonesia Case Study. International Journal of Cultural and Religious Studies, 1(1), 33–38. Retrieved from https://www.al-kindipublisher.com/index.php/ijcrs/article/view/2285 [20] Siregar, I., Rahmadiyah, F., & Siregar, A. F. Q. (2021). Linguistic Intervention in Making Fiscal and Monetary Policy. International Journal of Arts and Humanities Studies, 1(1), 50–56. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijahs.2021.1.1.8 [21] Subyakto-Nababan, S. U. (1992). Psycholinguistics: An Introduction. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama. [22] Suryani, Y. (2015). Deficit of Speech Pragmatics of Schizophrenic Patients at Menur Mental Hospital Surabaya: A Study of Clinical Pragmatics. Journal of Pena Indonesia, Volume 1, No.2 [23] Syafyahya, L. (1993). Verbal Language Ability in Children with Schizophrenia. Padang: University of Andalas. [24] Tarigan, H. G. (1986). Psycholinguistics. Bandung: Angkasa Publisher. [25] West, R. (2008). Introduction to communication theory: Theory and Application. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika