小脑出血外科治疗手术方式及预后的研究进展

吕长 亮1, 田 志2, 向志 钢1
1.吉首大学医学院 湖南吉首 416000；2.吉首大学第一附属医院/湘西自治州人民医院 湖南吉首 416000

摘要

目的：脑出血中小脑出血是指小脑实质出血，约占临床脑出血的10%，发病急、进展速度快，常易压迫脑干及侵入第四脑室，诱发患者不可逆损害，预后较差。外科手术治疗是缓解颅内高压、快速清除血肿、解除机械压迫的优势成为小脑出血治疗的重要方法，主要主流有开颅血肿清除术、后颅窝小骨窗开颅血肿清除术、神经内镜术、超早期显微外科手术、软通道穿刺术、侧脑室穿刺引流术等。然而国内外对外科手术小脑出血的诊疗及其预后仍缺乏有力证据，仍有大部分患者术后存在严重残疾，甚至植物人或死亡，生存质量差；本文主要浅谈小脑出血的外科手术治疗及预后影响。

关键词

小脑出血；高血压；手术治疗；预后

参考

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