文化冲击：俾路支人生活在卡拉奇的经历

NayabIqbal , KaukabAbidAzhar
巴雷特霍奇森大学工商管理系讲师

摘要

该研究旨在通过对 12 名俾路支语使用者进行半结构化访谈，找出卡拉奇大学的俾路支语使用者中的文化冲击 实例。该研究基于“定性研究范式”，因为它具有探索性；因此，它有助于更好地了解该主题。文化冲击的原因、文化 冲击的阶段以及参与者克服文化冲击挑战所采取的策略是研究的重点。结果揭示了语言问题、当地人无助的本性、与 长辈的关系、女孩享有的独立性、性别关系、男女同校、社交聚会中男女之间缺乏隔离、师生关系以及在教学方式成 为俾路支省人民文化冲击的主要原因。学习乌尔都语和英语、保持团体团结和与当地人混在一起是参与者克服文化冲 击问题的一些策略。此外，研究表明，参与者在适应卡拉奇文化的同时，也经历了文化冲击的不同阶段。然而，所有 参与者现在都很好地适应了卡拉奇的生活，尽管他们在卡拉奇的最初几天遇到了所有问题。

关键词

文化冲击；文化适应；俾路支；俾路支语使用者；语言问题

参考

[1] Baier,S.(2005).International students:Culture shoc k and adaptation to the U.S.culture.Master’s Theses and Doctoral Dissertations.Retrieved from http://commons.e mich.edu/theses/523 [2] Berry,J.W.,Kim,U.,Minde,T.,&Mok,D.(1987).Comp arative Studies of Acculturative Stress.The International Migration Review,21(3),491–511.https://doi.org/10.2307/25 46607[3] Bhatia,K.(2015).Managing cultural shock due to globalization-Issues challenges and opportunities.Proceed ings of the Third Asia Pacific Conference on Global Bu siness,Economics,Finance and Banking(AP15Singapore C onference).Retrieved from http://globalbizresearch.org/Sing apore_Conference2015/pdf/S586.pdf [4] Heyn,M.(2013).Experiences of Male Saudi Arabi an International Students in the United State.(Doctoral D issertation)Retrieved from http://scholarworks.wmich.edu/d issertations. [5] Kim,Y.Y.(1977).Communication Patterns of Forei gn Immigrants in the Process of Acculturation.Human C ommunication Research,4(1),66–77.https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1468-2958.1977.tb00598.x [6] Lee,K.(2014).Tips for International Students’Suc cess and Adjustment.International Student Experience Jou rnal,2(1),8-13.Retrieved from http://isejournal.weebly.com/ uploads/1/6/3/1/16311372/isej_lee_final.pdf/Date of retreiv al 22nd March'18. [7] Lin,C.(2006).Culture Shock and Social Support:An Investigation of a Chinese Student Organization on a US Campus.Journal of Intercultural Communication Re search,35(2),117-137.Retrieved from DOI:10.1080/174757 50600909279/ [8] Mahmud,Z.,Amat,S.,Rahman,S.,&Ishak,N.M.(201 0).Challenges for International Students in Malaysia:Cult ure,Climate and Care.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sci ences,7,289–293.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.10.04 0 [9] Oberg,K.(1960).Cultural Shock:Adjustment to Ne w Cultural Environments,Cultural Shock:Adjustment to New Cultural Environments.Practical Anthropology,7(4),1 77–182.https://doi.org/10.1177/009182966000700405 [10] Rajasekar,J.,&Renand,F.(2013).Culture Shock in a Global World:Factors Affecting Culture Shock Experi enced by Expatriates in Oman and Omani Expatriates A broad.International Journal of Business and Management, 8(13),144.https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n13p144 [11] Schwieter,J.W.(2011).Migrant Hispanic Students Speak Up:Linguistic and Cultural Perspectives on Low Academic Attainment.Diaspora,Indigenous,and Minority E ducation,5(1),33–47. [12] Talebloo,B.,&Baki,R.(2013).Challenges Faced b y International Postgraduate Students during their First Year of Studies.International Journal of Humanities and Social Science,3(13),138-149.Retrieved from http://www.ij hssnet.com/journals/Vol_3_No_13_July_2013/17.pdf/Date of retrieval 22nd March'18. [13] Wenhua,H.,&Zhe,Z.(2013).International Students' Adjustment Problems at University:A Critical Literature Review.Academic Research International,4(2),400-406.Ret rieved from www.journals.savap.org.pk/Date of retrieval 22nd March'18. [14] Wu,H.,Garza,E.,&Guzman,N.(2015).International Student’s Challenge and Adjustment to College.Educatio n Research International,1-9.Retrieved from http://dx.doi. org/10.1155/2015/202753/Date of retrieval 10th February' 18. [15] Zapf,M.(1993).Remote Practice and Culture Sh ock:Social Workers Moving to Isolated Northern Region s.Social Work,38(6),694-704.Retrieved from http://www.js tor.org/stable/23717181/Date of retrieval 22nd March'18