浅谈植物精油的生物学功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用研究进展

扶 雄锋
城厢区华亭畜牧兽医站

摘要

植物精油是从植物中萃取的挥发性芳香物质，是一类新型绿色饲料添加剂，是较为理想的抗生素替代品之一。本
文主要从植物精油的生物学功能及其在畜禽生产中的应用进行综述，以期为植物精油在畜禽生产上的应用提供一定的理论
基础。

关键词

植物精油；生物学功能；畜禽生产

参考

[1] Cromwell GL. Why and how antibiotics are used in swine

production[J]. Animal Biotechnology, 2002, 13(1): 7-27.

[2] Zeng Z, Zhang S, Wang H, et al. Essential oil and

aromatic plants as feed additives in non-ruminant nutrition: a

review[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2015,

6(1): 7.

[3] Ran C, Hu J, Liu W, et al. Thymol and carvacrol affect

hybrid tilapia through the combination of direct stimulation and an

intestinal microbiota-mediated effect: insights from a germ-free

zebrafish model[J]. The Journal of Nutrition, 2016, 146(5):1132-

1140.

[4] 贾聪慧 , 陈旻远 , 杨彩梅 , 等 . 植物精油对单胃动物

生产性能与健康的调控 [J]. 动 物营养学报 , 2015, 27(4):1055-

1060.

[5] 王亚男 . 包被植物精油替代硫酸粘杆菌素对断奶仔

猪生长性能和肠道功能的影响 [D]. 华中农业大学 , 2017.

[6] 张高明 , 胡毅 , 米海峰 . 植物精油对动物的促生长作

用及作用机制研究进展 [J]. 安徽农业科学 ,2015, 43(32):85-

88.

[7] Windisch W, Schedle K, Plitzner C, et al. Use of

phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry[J].

Journal of Animal Science, 2008, 86(14_suppl): E140-E148.

[8] Brenes A, Roura E. Essential oils in poultry nutrition:

Main effects and modes of action[J]. Animal Feed Science and

Technology, 2010, 158(1): 1-14.

[9] Thapa D, Losa R, Zweifel B, et al. Sensitivity of

pathogenic and commensal bacteria from the human colon to

essential oils[J]. Microbiology, 2012, 158(11): 2870-2877.

[10] Lambert R, Skandamis PN, Coote PJ, et al. A study

of the minimum inhibitory concentration and mode of action of

oregano essential oil, thymol and carvacrol[J]. Journal of Applied

Microbiology, 2001, 91(3): 453-462.

[11] Ultee A, Bennik MH, Moezelaar R. The phenolic

hydroxyl group of carvacrol is essential for action against the food-

borne pathogen Bacillus cereus[J]. Applied and Environmental

Microbiology, 2002, 68(4): 1561-1568.

[12] Shahidi F. Antioxidants in food and food antioxidants[J].

Molecular Nutrition & Food esearch, 2000, 44(3): 158-163.

[13] Kang JS, Han MH, Kim GY, et al.Schisandrae semen

essential oil attenuates oxidative stress-induced cell damage

in C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cells through Nrf2-mediated

upregulation of HO-1[J]. Int J Mol Med,2014,35(2):453.

[14] Salminen S, Bouley C, Boutron-Ruault MC, et al.

Functional food science and gastrointestinal physiology and

function[J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 1998, 80(S1): S147-S171.

[15] Kohlert C, Van Rensen I, März R, et al. Bioavailability

and pharmacokinetics of natural volatile terpenes in animals and

humans[J]. Planta Medica, 2000, 66(06): 495-505.

[16] Zeng Z, Xu X, Zhang Q, et al. Effects of essential oil

supplementation of a low-energy diet on performance, intestinal

morphology and microflora, immune properties and antioxidant

activities in weaned pigs[J]. Animal Science Journal, 2015, 86(3):

279-285.

[17] Franz C, Baser KHC, Windisch W. Essential oils and

aromatic plants in animal feeding-a European perspective. A

review[J]. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 2010, 25(5): 327-340.

[18] Maenner K, Vahjen W, Simon O. Studies on the effects of

essential-oil-based feed additives on performance, ileal nutrient

digestibility, and selected bacterial groups in the gastrointestinal

tract of piglets[J]. Journal of Animal Science, 2011, 89(7): 2106-

2112.

[19] Li K, Xiao Y, Chen J, et al. Microbial composition in

different gut locations of weaning piglets receiving antibiotics[J].

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2017, 30(1): 78.

[20] Li PF, Piao XS, Ru YJ, et al. Effects of adding essential

oil to the diet of weaned pigs on performance, nutrient utilization,

immune response and intestinal health[J]. Asian-Australasian

journal of Animal Sciences, 2012, 25(11): 1617-1626.

[21] Li SY, Ru YJ, Liu M, et al. The effect of essential oils

on performance, immunity and gut microbial population in weaner

pigs[J]. Livestock Science, 2012, 145(1): 119-123.

[22] Schöne F, Vetter A, Hartung H, et al. Effects of essential

oils from fennel (Foeniculi aetheroleum) and caraway (Carvi

aetheroleum) in pigs[J]. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal

Nutrition, 2006, 90(11-12): 500-510.

[23] Janz JA, Morel PC, Wilkinson BH, et al. Preliminary

investigation of the effects of low-level dietary inclusion of

fragrant essential oils and oleoresins on pig performance and pork

quality[J]. Meat Science, 2007, 75(2): 350-355.

[24] Yan L, Meng QW, Kim IH. The effect of an herb extract

mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood

characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs[J].

Livestock Science, 2011, 141(2): 143-147.

[25] Allan P, Bilkei G. Oregano improves reproductive

performance of sows[J]. Theriogenology, 2005, 63(3): 716-721.

[26] Marcinčák S, Cabadaj R. Popelka P, et al. Antioxidative

effect of oregano supplemented to broilers on oxidative stability of

poultry meat[J]. Slovenian Veterinary Research, 2008, 45: 61-66.

[27] Simitzis PE, Symeon GK, Charismiadou MA, et al.

The effects of dietary oregano oil supplementation on pig meat

characteristics[J]. Meat Science, 2010, 84(4): 670-676.

[28] Hrdinka C, Zollitsch W, Knaus W, et al. Effects of

dietary fatty acid pattern on melting point and composition of

adipose tissues and intramuscular fat of broiler carcasses[J].

Poultry Science, 1996, 75(2): 208-215.

[29] Placha I, Takacova J, Ryzner M, et al. Effect of thyme

essential oil and selenium on intestine integrity and antioxidant

status of broilers[J]. British Poultry Science, 2014, 55(1): 105-

114.

[30] Wang L, Piao XL, Kim SW, et al. Effects of Forsythia

suspensa extract on growth performance, nutrient digestibility,

and antioxidant activities in broiler chickens under high ambient

temperature[J]. Poultry Science, 2008, 87(7): 1287-1294.

[31] Zhang HY, Piao XS, Zhang Q, et al. The effects of

Forsythia suspensa extract and berberine on growth performance,

immunity, antioxidant activities, and intestinal microbiota in

broilers under high stocking density[J]. Poultry Science, 2013,

92(8):1981-1988.

[32] Zeng ZK, Li QY, Piao XS, et al. Forsythia suspensa

extract attenuates corticosterone-induced growth inhibition,

oxidative injury, and immune depression in broilers[J]. Poultry

Science, 2014, 93(7): 1774-1781.

[33] Habibi R, Sadeghi GH, Karimi A. Effect of different

concentrations of ginger root powder and its essential oil on growth

performance, serum metabolites and antioxidant status in broiler

chicks under heat stress[J]. British Poultry Science, 2014, 55(2):

228-237.

[34] Kroismayr A, Sehm J, Pfaffl MW, et al. Effects of

avilamycin and essential oils on mRNA expression of apoptotic

and inflammatory markers and gut morphology of piglets[J]. Czech

Journal of Animal Science, 2008, 53(53): 377-387.

[35] 王 兰 , 陈 代 文 , 余 冰 , 等 . 植 物 精 油 对 肉 鸡 生

长性能、抗氧化能力和免疫机能的影响 [J]. 动物营养学

报 ,2019,31(2):831-838.

[36] 郝丹丹 , 张旭 , 陈嘉 , 等 . 牛至油对成年蛋鸡生长性

能和免疫功能的影响 [J]. 中国兽医 学报 ,2017,37（6）:1121-

1127.

[37] Joris M, Joris M, Noël Det al. In vitro degradation and

in vivo passage kinetics of carvacrol, thymol, eugenol and trans-

cinnamaldehyde along the gastrointestinal tract of piglets[J].

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2008, 88(13):

2371-2381.

[39] Piva A, Pizzamiglio V, Morlacchini M, et al. Lipid

microencapsulation allows slow release of organic acids and

natural identical flavors along the swine intestine[J]. Journal of

[38] Michiels J, Missotten J, Hoorick AV, et al. Effects of

dose and formulation of carvacrol and thymol on bacteria and some

functional traits of the gut in piglets after weaning[J]. Archives of

Animal Nutrition, 2010, 64(2): 136-154.

Animal Science, 2007, 85(2): 486-493.

[40] Wang Q, Gong J, Huang X, et al. In vitro evaluation of

the activity of microencapsulated carvacrol against Escherichia

coli with K88 pili[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2009,

107(6): 1781-1788.