将营养计划纳入中低收入国家的教育部门

蒂莫 西·, 阿琳 ·罗, 伊冯 娜·, 香农 ·萨
美国公共卫生学院

摘要

营养不良（包括营养不足和营养过剩）是全世界尤其是低收入和中等收入国家 （LMIC） 的公共卫生问题。
教育部门通过在学校提供食物并通过教育产生更长期的影响，具有很大的潜力来改善直接的营养结果。我们开发
了一个概念框架来展示如何利用教育部门来促进营养。我们回顾了文献以确定现有框架，概述了如何通过教育部
门提供营养计划，并利用这些框架建立了一个全面的框架。我们首先在教育部门组织了营养项目，然后讨论了如
何成功实施每一个项目。我们发现在改善学校食品、膳食和食品环境的营养标准和质量方面具有很大潜力，尤其
是通过与农业部门的合作。有必要在现有的学校课程中进行整合良好、文化上适当的营养和健康教育。这必须得
到熟练劳动力的支持，包括营养和公共卫生专业人员以及学校工作人员。家长和社区的参与是项目可持续性和成
功的基石。目前对学校营养规划的监测和评估薄弱，干预措施的有效性（包括成本效益）尚未得到充分量化。最
后，我们注意到，利用教育部门对抗不断上升的超重和肥胖率的机会尚未得到充分研究，并且在中低收入国家可
能未得到充分利用。

关键词

概念框架；教育；中低收入；营养

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