改良橙花甘薯品种在埃塞俄比亚南部古吉地区中海拔地 区的适应性及评价

Solomon Teshome*, Arega Amide, Tekile Bobo
奥罗米亚农业研究所

摘要

由于使用老土种导致的低产量和产量不稳定，限制了该地区资源贫乏农民的甘薯生产。本试验于 2018 -2019
年夏种植季在博尔农业研究中心的 Adola 分站和田间进行，目的是鉴定具有广泛或特异适应性的甘薯品种，为谷集
地区中部地区选育适应性强、抗冻病能力强、产量高的橙型甘薯品种。以甘薯 (Kaboli)、甘薯 (Naspot 12)、甘薯
(Naspot 13)、甘薯 (Kaboli) 和当地甘薯 (Ipomoea batatas L.) 4 个改良品种的产量和抗病性能为基础，在 RCBD
上进行了 3 次重复试验，行与株之间的间距分别为 100cm*30cm。广泛栽培的品种 ( 本地 ) 被包括作为检查。不同产
地间的综合方差分析表明，根数、根重、可售产量、不可售产量和总贮藏根产量 (t/ha) 在基因型和位点间存在显著
的互作差异。在此基础上，杜法、博克和戈比查地区纳斯盆 13、纳斯盆 12 和纳斯盆 13 品种的平均根数最大值分别
为 21.33、36.66 和 21.33。不同产地的本地品种根数平均值最低，分别为 16.00、19.33 和 16.00。卡巴德和纳斯盆 -13
品种的最大鲜根重分别为 670.33g 和 444g。卡波利品种鲜根质量最低，分别为 447.33、437.33 和 296.33g。2018 年
和 2019 年种植季，纳斯盆 -13 在杜法和戈比查地区的平均根产量最高，分别为 65.09 t hm -1 和 59.88 t hm -1。而
纳斯盆 -12在博克地区的总根产量最高 (55.16 t hm -1)。但是 Kaboli在不同地点和年份给出的总根产量最少 (43.09、
27.19 和 37.69 t hm -1)。因此，纳斯盆 13 和纳斯盆 12 甘薯品种适应性强、抗病性强、产量高，应在研究区推广，
以获得最佳产量。

关键词

改良品种；番薯；纳斯盆 -12；纳斯盆 -13；甘薯

参考

[1] Central Statistical Agency, 2014. Crop Production

Forecast Sample Survey, 2013/14. Report on Area and

Production for Major Crops (for Private Peasant Holdings

‘Meher’ season). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

[2] Dan. J., Mary. K. G., and Leigh A., (2013). Sweet

Potato Value Chain: Ethiopia, EPAR (Evans School Policy

Analysis and Research) Brief No 219, Wevans School of

Public Affairs, University of Washigton.

[3] Egbe, O. M., S. O. Afuape and J. A. Idoko, 2012.

Performance of improved sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L.)

varieties in Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria.

American Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 2: 573-586.

[4] Emanna Gutu. 1990. Integrated approach for the

control of sweet potato weevil, cylclaspuncticollis Bob

(Coleoptera: curclionidae). In: proceedings of the 10th

annual meeting of crop protection society of Ethiopia.

[5] Endale T., Terefe B., Mukgeta D., and Geleta L.

1994. Improvement study on Enset and sweet potato. In:

proceedings of second national horticultural workshop in

Ethiopia. 1-3 December. 1992. Addis Ababa Ethiopia.

[6] Engida Tsegaye, Mihertu Cherinet, Asfaw Kifle,

Daniel Mekonen and Tesfaye Tadesse, 2009. Genotype x

Environment Interactions and Yield Stability of Orange

Fleshed Sweet potato Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Tropical

Roots and Tubers in a Changing Climate. A Critical

Opportunity for the World. 2-6 Nov 2009 Lima, Peru.

[7] Low, J., W. Thomas and H. Robert, 2001. The

potential impact of orange fleshed sweet potato on vitamin

A intake in subSaharan Africa. Proceedings of the Regional

Workshop on Food Based Approaches to Human Nutrition

Deficiencies, May 9-11, 2001, Nairobi, Kenya.

[8] Low, J. W., M. Arimond, N. Osman, B. Cunguara,

F. Zano and D. Tschirley, 2007. A food-based approach

introducing orange-fleshed sweet potatoes increased vitamin

A intake and serum retinol concentrations in young children

in rural Mozambique. J. Nutr., 137: 1320-1327.

[9] Maniyam Nedunchezhiyan, Gangadharan Byju,

Susantha K Jata (2012) Sweet Potato Agronomy, Fruit,

Vegetable and Cereal Science and Biotechnology. Global

Science Books 1: 1-10.

[10] Moussa, S. A. M., A. Hala, A. EI-Al and N. A. EI

– Fadi. 2011. Stability study of sweet potato yield and its

component characters under different Environments by Joint

Regression Analysis., Journal of Horticultural Science and

Ornamental plants. 3 (1) pp. 43 – 54. Sadat Branch, Egypt.

[11] Mulema JK, Adipala E, Olanya OM, Wagoire W

(2008). Yield stability analysis of late blight resistant potato

selections. Experimental Agriculture. 44: 145-155.

[12] Paneque R., 1991. Cultivation, Harvesting and

Storage of Sweet Potato Products: Roots, Tubers, Plantations

and Bananas in animal feeding.

[13] Purseglove, J. W., 1972. Tropical crops:

Dicotyledons. London, longman.

[14] SAS., 2003. SAS Online Doc, Version 9.3. SAS

Institute Inc., Cary NC., USA.

[15] Tesfaye T., Engida T., Aseffa T., Teshome A.,

Asfawu K., Yohannis G., Daniel M., 2011. Performance

of medium and late maturing sweet potato germplasms in

different agro ecologies of Ethiopia. In: Proceedings of

the 14th annual conference of the crop science society of

Ethiopia. 28-29 April 2011. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

[16] Wariboko, C. and I. A. Ogidi, 2014. Evaluation of

the performance of improved sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas

L. LAM) varieties in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Afr. J. Environ.

Sci. Technol., 8: 48-53.

[17] Woolf, J. A., 1992. Sweet potato: An untapped

food resource. Cambridge University, Great Britain.

[18] Yared D., Tewodros M. and Asfaw K., 2014.

Development of High Yielding Taro (Colocacia esculenta

L.) Variety for Mid Altitude Growing Areas of Southern

Ethiopia. Journal of Plant Sciences. Vol. 2, No. 1, 2014, pp.

50-54. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.0201.19.