水稻抗旱性从常规育种到分子育种的研究进展

尤索 法泰, 奥罗 鲁欧, 莫哈 末马, 乌斯 曼拉
马来西亚布特拉大学（UPM）作物科学与食品研究所

摘要

干旱是对农业粮食生产的主要威胁，特别是在水稻这种半水生植物的种植中。耐旱性是一种复杂的数量性
状，具有复杂的表型，影响植物的不同发育阶段。水稻对多种干旱条件的敏感性或耐受性是由不同的干旱响应基因
与其他刺激信号转导途径的胁迫组件的作用协调的。跨学科研究人员利用基因工程或标记辅助选择等多种方法打破
了植物耐受性的复杂机制，开发出具有更高抗旱性的新品种。本综述的主要目的是突出通过常规育种和使用生物技
术工具开发耐旱水稻品种的当前方法，并全面审查有关抗旱基因、QTL分析、基因转化和标记的可用信息-辅助选
择。审查中讨论了干旱胁迫的响应、指标、原因和适应过程。总体而言，这篇综述系统地介绍了从传统到最新的耐
旱水稻品种分子开发的育种方法。这些信息可以作为研究人员和水稻育种者的指导。

关键词

QTL；非生物胁迫；作物改良；耐旱性；标记辅助选择；转基因

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